https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/tags/rationalism/ Recent content in Rationalism on Philosophy in Summary — Thinkers & Syntheses Hugo en Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/leibniz-monadology-theodicy-best-of-all-possible-worlds/ Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/leibniz-monadology-theodicy-best-of-all-possible-worlds/ The philosophy of Leibniz: the principle of sufficient reason, windowless monads, pre-established harmony, the Theodicy and the best of all possible worlds, and his anticipation of symbolic logic. https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/spinoza-ethics-deus-sive-natura-monism-conatus/ Thu, 21 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/spinoza-ethics-deus-sive-natura-monism-conatus/ A rigorous analysis of Spinoza's philosophy: the Ethics more geometrico, the monism of a single substance (Deus sive Natura), determinism, conatus, the theory of affects, and freedom as knowledge of necessity. https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/cogito-ergo-sum-cartesian-foundation/ Fri, 08 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/cogito-ergo-sum-cartesian-foundation/ A philosophical analysis of the Cartesian cogito — from the Meditations to the Discourse on Method — its interpretations, critiques, and influence on modern and contemporary philosophy. https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/marechal-starting-point-metaphysics-book-2/ Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:39:00 -0300 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/artigos/marechal-starting-point-metaphysics-book-2/ An examination of Cahier II of Joseph Maréchal's Le point de départ de la métaphysique, analyzing the conflict between rationalism and empiricism — Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume — as the prelude to the Kantian crisis. https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/spinoza/ Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/spinoza/ Born in Amsterdam in 1632, into a family of Sephardic Jews of Portuguese origin who had fled the Inquisition, Baruch Spinoza received a rabbinic… https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/leibniz/ Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/leibniz/ Born in Leipzig in 1646, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was the last great universal sage: at once philosopher, mathematician, logician, physicist, jurist… https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/descartes/ Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://filosofiaemresumo.com.br/en/pensadores/descartes/ Often called the "father of modern philosophy," René Descartes was born in 1596 in La Haye, in the French region of Touraine, and was educated at the…