Pathos (πάθος) — “Passion,” “emotion,” “suffering,” “affection.” What a being receives passively, in contrast to what it does actively (poiein). In Aristotelian rhetoric, pathos is one of three means of persuasion (alongside logos and ethos). In Stoic ethics, the pathe are disturbances of the soul — fear, desire, pleasure, pain — that must be eliminated by reason (apátheia), in contrast with Aristotelian moderation (metriopátheia). Hegel uses Leidenschaft (passion) to designate the subjective force that drives history.
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