Logos (λόγος) — One of the richest terms in the Greek philosophical vocabulary: “word,” “discourse,” “reason,” “ratio,” “definition.” For Heraclitus, the logos is the rational principle governing flux and the unity of opposites, though humans fail to perceive it. For the Stoics, the logos is the divine reason immanent to the cosmos (logos spermatikos). In the Gospel of John, “the Word (logos) became flesh” — a fusion of Greek philosophy and Christian theology.
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