Logic (Logikê) — The science of the formal laws of correct thinking and valid argumentation. Aristotle founds logic with the Analytics and the study of the syllogism. The Stoics develop propositional logic. Frege (late 19th century) and Russell (early 20th century) found mathematical (symbolic) logic, which analyzes formal structures of language with algebraic rigor. The early Wittgenstein (Tractatus) proposes that logic shows the form of the world.
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